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Larvikite

Pronounced: LAR-vih-kite

Larvikite is a dark grey to bluish igneous rock from southern Norway, famous for brilliant silver, blue and occasionally green flashes produced within its large feldspar crystals. Despite often being sold alongside crystals, Larvikite is a rock composed of several minerals rather than a single mineral species.

Formula: No single chemical formula — Larvikite is a rock composed of several mineralsMohs hardness: Approximately 6–6.5 overall, reflecting its feldspSystem: Not applicable to the rock as a whole. Individual feldspar minerals within Larvikite have their own
LarvikiteCW

Meet the crystal

About Larvikite

Larvikite is a distinctive coarse-grained igneous rock named after the town of Larvik in southeastern Norway, where some of the world's most important deposits occur. Its dark grey, black or blue-grey background contains large feldspar crystals that can produce striking blue, silver or green flashes when viewed from the correct angle. This optical effect has made Larvikite internationally popular as a decorative stone, architectural material and polished ornamental rock. Geologically, Larvikite belongs mainly to a group of monzonitic plutonic rocks associated with the Oslo Rift. It crystallised deep underground from magma during intense igneous activity approximately 290 million years ago. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse Unlike Labradorite, which is a feldspar mineral, Larvikite is an entire rock containing large feldspar crystals together with smaller amounts of minerals such as augite, amphibole, biotite and others. The famous blue sheen is produced by microscopic structures within its feldspar crystals rather than by pigment or surface coating.

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Showing Science & Formation

Scientific passport

The mineral facts

Observable and measurable properties used to describe and identify this mineral.

Chemical formula
No single chemical formula — Larvikite is a rock composed of several minerals
Mineral class
Igneous rock — primarily monzonite / feldspar-rich plutonic rock
Crystal system
Not applicable to the rock as a whole. Individual feldspar minerals within Larvikite have their own
Mohs hardness
Approximately 6–6.5 overall, reflecting its feldsp
Lustre
Generally dull on rough surfaces; polished surfaces may appear vitreous to highly reflective, with strong feldspar iridescence
Streak
Not normally used diagnostically for rocks; individual light-coloured feldspars generally produce a pale or white streak
Specific gravity
Typically approximately 2.6–2.8, depending on mineral composition
Transparency
Opaque

Common colours

Dark grey, blue-grey, charcoal, blackish grey, with silver, blue, turquoise or occasionally green iridescent flashes

Cleavage and fracture

Larvikite itself does not have a single cleavage pattern because it is a multi-mineral rock. Individual feldspar crystals possess cleavage, while the rock as a whole tends to break irregularly.

From the Earth

How it forms

The geological processes that create this crystal over time.

Formation

Its geological story

Larvikite formed when magma cooled slowly beneath the Earth's surface within the Oslo Rift, a major geological rift system in southern Norway. Slow underground cooling allowed large feldspar crystals to develop. The Larvikite-Lardalite Plutonic Complex consists of several separate intrusive bodies, including ring-shaped structures formed during repeated episodes of magma emplacement over several million years. static.ngu.no As the feldspar crystals formed and cooled, microscopic intergrowths or lamellae developed within them. Light interacting with these tiny internal structures produces optical interference, creating the characteristic blue or silver flash visible on polished Larvikite surfaces.

A closer look

Scientific notes

Larvikite is primarily classified as a monzonitic plutonic rock, although related varieties may extend toward syenitic compositions. Its dominant minerals are alkali feldspar and plagioclase. Accessory minerals may include augite, amphibole, biotite and locally other minerals depending on the intrusion. Store norske leksikon The optical effect is sometimes casually called labradorescence in the commercial crystal trade, but Larvikite's blue iridescence is specifically associated with microscopic structures in its complex feldspars. The Geological Survey of Norway describes Larvikite as a deep-seated igneous rock containing two types of feldspar capable of producing its characteristic play of colour. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse Different parts of the Larvikite complex produce commercial varieties including Blue Pearl, Emerald Pearl, Malerød and Stålaker, each differing in base colour and intensity of iridescence.

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